Abstract: Leaf pruning is a new practical technology for improving tobacco growth and leaf quality. To study the impacts of different leaf pruning patterns on growth and leaf polyphenol content in white burley, field experiments were carried out in Enshi Prefecture of Hubei Province. The leaf area, chlorophyll content index (CCI), biomass of each organ, and superior and inferior leaf polyphenol content were investigated. Results showed that leaf pruning significantly influenced the growth and leaf polyphenol content in white burley. Field leaf pruning increased the leaf area and CCI value at different leaf positions, and regulated and improved the translocation of organ biomass and nutrient substances, as well as the distribution of polyphenols in different leaf positions. At the same time, the response of different leaf pruning patterns was varied. Leaf pruning at the fast-growing stage (WZ) improved leaf quality for the whole tobacco plant, while leaf pruning at the later rosette stage (TH) only improved leaf quality for the upward leaves. In conclusion, based on traditional cultural and production conditions, leaf pruning could improve white burley growth and leaf quality.